Maximum types of Prostate cancer develop slowly, but few can be aggressive.

• Acinar adenocarcinoma: Most common type of prostate cancer.
• Ductal carcinoma: Spreads faster than acinar adenocarcinoma.
• Transitional cell or urothelial carcinoma:  mostly starts from the bladder and then spreads in the prostate gland.
• Squamous cell cancer: Develop in the flat cells covering the prostate; spread quickly.
• Small cell carcinomas: a type of neuroendocrine tumor.

Other rare types include:

• Sarcoma
• Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs)

Apart from the primary reason, which is changes in prostate cells’ DNA, some risk factors can make it vulnerable to Prostate cancer.

• Older age
• Family history
• Obesity
• Environmental attributes
• People with multiple sexual partners or being sexually active from an early age.

A set of symptoms about which you need to be wary about include:

• Pain in the lower back region
• Unwanted weight loss
• Frequent urge to urinate, mostly at night
• Persistent feeling of not being able to empty the bladder
• Pain and uneasiness while urination
• Swelling in the legs
• Blood in urine or semen
• Pain while ejaculating
• Erectile dysfunction.

For diagnosing Prostate cancer, your physician might suggest the following tests:

• Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) Test: Your blood sample is analyzed for the presence of PSA, which is produced by the prostate gland. If PSA levels are found to be unusually high, then it might be due to infection, inflammation, or enlargement of the prostate gland or prostate cancer.
• Ultrasound: A small probe is inserted into the rectum, and sound waves are used to get images of the prostate gland.
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): An MRI is recommended when your doctor needs a more detailed prostate view.
• Collection of prostate tissue sample: Also called a prostate biopsy, in this, a thin needle is inserted into the rectum to collect a sample of tissue. Then, it is analyzed for the presence of cancer cells in the prostate gland.

If you are diagnosed with Prostate cancer, then you must consult your doctor regarding the below-mentioned options:

• ● High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU): High-frequency energy beams are used to heat and destroy prostate cancer cells. In this, a probe is inserted into the rectum to reach the prostate. Then, a beam of ultrasound energy is sent.
• ● Robotic Surgery: One of the most progressive approaches. In this method, surgeons work on a console, which is connected to robotic arms. These arms perform the procedure by working in sync with the surgeon’s hand movements.
• ● Laser Surgery:  A minimally invasive method. In this, the disruptive prostate tissue is vaporized by a focused laser beam.
• ● CyberKnife Surgery: A advanced form of radiosurgery. This approach includes precisely targeted radiation to kill cancer cells and cures it avoiding any damage to the healthy areas.
• ● Radical Prostatectomy: A surgery for removing the entire prostate gland, either through a big incision or with a series of small cuts.
• ● Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy: A thin tube with a camera attached is passed via small cuts. The cuts are made close to the tumor site. Then, focused instruments are used to get rid of the tumor.

Radiation Therapy: There are two types:

• ● Brachytherapy: In this, high doses of radiation are used – either radioactive seeds are placed inside and removed sometime later or maybe kept permanently inside the body.
• ● External Beam Radiotherapy: High doses of radiation are emitted by a machine targeting the prostate gland.
• ● Chemotherapy:  Different drugs are administered to kill cancer cells.
• ● Hormone Therapy: Also referred to as Androgen Deprivation Therapy or Androgen Suppression Therapy, this therapy helps lower the testosterone amount, which lowers the chance of prostate cancer.
• ● Cryotherapy: This therapy helps in the early stage or when cancer has relapsed after radiation therapy. It is performed after administering spinal anesthesia, after which hollow tubes or needles are passed via the skin between the anus and the scrotum to reach the prostate. Then, extremely cold gases are passed through the tubes to freeze the prostate tissue and kill cancer cells.

Most cases of Prostate cancer are not aggressive. Timely diagnosis and initiation of treatment are the keys to a prolonged cancer-free life. It can eliminate the symptoms and stop the further growth of cancer cells. Although the success rate depends on several factors, reports show that post-diagnosis, the 5- year survival rate is almost 100 percent,  the 10-year survival rate is 98 percent, and the 15-year survival rate is about 95 percent.

A few side-effects of the treatment might trouble you for a long time. It is crucial that if you notice any change or concerns, immediately report to your doctor.

Some of the preventive measures to prevent Prostate cancer include:

• Your diet can have a tremendous impact on your prostate gland. Follow a controlled diet that is replete with fruits and vegetables as this can contribute massively to your health.
• Maintaining a healthy weight is another way with which you can keep Prostate cancer
• Regular exercise is one of the most fruitful ways to keep health issues away. There are different forms of exercise that you can opt from.
• Rather than going for supplements, opt for healthy food items with real nourishment that can prove beneficial for you.
• ● If you are at extremely high risk of Prostate cancer, then consult your doctor regarding some medications that can lower the risks.